Characterization of Native and Graft Copolymerized Albizia Gums and Their Application as a Flocculant
Table 1
Physicochemical properties of native (ASN) and graft copolymerized (ASG) Albizia saman gums and native (AGN) and graft copolymerized (AGG) Albizia glaberrima gums.
Parameter
ASN
ASG
AGN
AGG
Moisture content (%)
10.89 ± 0.01
—
9.91 ± 0.02
—
Crude fibre (g/100 g)
8.59 ± 0.04
—
9.57 ± 0.02
—
Ether extract (g/100 g)
9.81 ± 0.01
—
8.01 ± 0.02
—
Ash content (g/100 g)
7.87 ± 0.02
—
8.60 ± 0.01
—
Bulk density (g/cm3)
0.710 ± 0.01
0.662 ± 0.07
0.738 ± 0.07
0.694 ± 0.04
Tapped density (g/cm3)
0.835 ± 0.04
0.740 ± 0.04
0.870 ± 0.04
0.782 ± 0.11
Carr’s index
17.535 ± 0.06
11.005 ± 0.07
17.555 ± 0.18
9.480 ± 0.11
Hausner’s ratio
1.176 ± 0.01
1.117 ± 0.01
1.179 ± 0.02
1.127 ± 0.13
CWIG (%)
40.23 ± 2.47
39.75 ± 0.95
35.55 ± 1.34
40.55 ± 0.14
HWIG (%)
8.00 ± 1.41
14.23 ± 1.11
10.96 ± 0.08
15.00 ± 0.07
OBC (g)
4.89 ± 0.03
3.69 ± 0.13
3.44 ± 0.00
2.40 ± 0.06
EC (%)
40.00 ± 0.00
30.09 ± 0.16
48.58 ± 0.81
19.88 ± 0.18
Intrinsic viscosity (cP)
0.78 ± 0.23
1.29 ± 0.94
1.11 ± 0.85
1.74 ± 1.33
Grafting (%)
550.00 ± 0.04
543.00 ± 0.08
—
—
Grafting yield (%)
54.00 ± 0.06
58.00 ± 0.02
—
—
Grafting efficiency (%)
110.00 ± 0.05
108.00 ± 0.07
—
—
CWIG, cold water insoluble gel; HWIG, hot water insoluble gel; OBC, oil binding capacity; EC, emulsion capacity.
