Prospect of Pongamia pinnata (Karanja) in Bangladesh: A Sustainable Source of Liquid Fuel

Table 1

Comparison of Pongamia pinnata oil with other biomass derived oil and kerosene.

Variable	Pongamia seed [31]	Jatropha curcas [137]	Plum seed [138]	Mahogany seed [139]	Coconut seed [140]	Kerosene [30, 141]
Kinematic viscosity (cSt)	29.65^a	52.76^a	1.14^b	3.8^b	1.99^b	2.71^c
Density (kg/m^3)	912	932	940	1525	1095.5	780–810
Flash point (°C)	241	240	112	60	>100	37–65
HHV (MJ/kg)	40.756	39.774	22.4	32.4	21.40	46.2

Value is at 30°C; ^bvalue is at 26°C; ^cvalue is at 20°C.