Determination of a Suitable Renewable Energy Source for Mini-Grid Business: A Risk-Based Multicriteria Approach

<table class="fixed-width table-group" id="tab19"><tr><td><table class="table"><colgroup><col style="width:4.38em"/><col style="width:4.38em"/><col style="width:3.86em"/><col style="width:3.94em"/></colgroup><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr class="thead"><td class="align_left">Sources</td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 16.174ptpx;"><svg height="14.7403pt" id="M67" style="vertical-align:-3.943601pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 16.174 14.7403" width="16.174pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 375C743 570 607 650 407 650H136L130 622C214 612 220 606 204 526L125 122C110 43 105 36 24 27L17 0H250C382 0 482 23 571 76C680 141 743 248 743 375ZM644 379C644 188 520 36 305 36C277 36 249 38 229 46C205 55 202 71 212 126L293 553C300 588 306 600 317 606C330 613 356 617 390 617C547 617 644 537 644 379Z" id="g113-69"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.958,-5.741)"><path d="M556 236V289H337V504H275V289H56V236H275V-4H337V236H556Z" id="g54-36"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.893,3.784)"><path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z" id="g50-106"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 16.174ptpx;"><svg height="14.7403pt" id="M68" style="vertical-align:-3.943601pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -10.7967 16.174 14.7403" width="16.174pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M743 375C743 570 607 650 407 650H136L130 622C214 612 220 606 204 526L125 122C110 43 105 36 24 27L17 0H250C382 0 482 23 571 76C680 141 743 248 743 375ZM644 379C644 188 520 36 305 36C277 36 249 38 229 46C205 55 202 71 212 126L293 553C300 588 306 600 317 606C330 613 356 617 390 617C547 617 644 537 644 379Z" id="g113-69"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.958,-5.741)"><path d="M556 236V289H56V236H556Z" id="g54-33"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.893,3.784)"><path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z" id="g50-106"></path></g></svg></span></td><td class="align_center"><span style="width: 11.8066ptpx;"><svg height="11.927pt" id="M69" style="vertical-align:-3.291101pt" version="1.1" viewbox="-0.0498162 -8.6359 11.8066 11.927" width="11.8066pt" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g transform="matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)"><path d="M645 631C614 643 545 666 457 666C215 666 23 519 23 283C23 90 158 -16 337 -16C412 -16 489 2 522 10C543 39 590 127 606 167L580 181C519 89 459 18 348 18C201 18 122 136 122 287C122 464 244 632 435 632C544 632 602 595 608 472L639 475C643 526 645 581 645 631Z" id="g113-68"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,8.619,3.132)"><path d="M250 606C250 634 233 656 203 656C168 656 146 618 146 593C146 564 169 545 192 545C227 545 250 573 250 606ZM227 95L212 119C187 98 152 71 135 71C129 71 128 78 134 102L207 373C219 418 217 451 194 451C165 451 92 411 30 351L44 326C77 353 106 371 114 371C124 371 121 357 117 341L55 97C32 5 46 -12 70 -12C108 -12 191 51 227 95Z" id="g50-106"></path></g></svg></span></td></tr><tr><td class="thead-hr" colspan="4"><hr/></td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">S<sub>1</sub></td><td class="align_center">25.4410</td><td class="align_center">0.7755</td><td class="align_center">0.0296</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">S<sub>2</sub></td><td class="align_center">25.4274</td><td class="align_center">0.7933</td><td class="align_center">0.0303</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">S<sub>3</sub></td><td class="align_center">25.3944</td><td class="align_center">0.8501</td><td class="align_center">0.0324</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">S<sub>4</sub></td><td class="align_center">25.3975</td><td class="align_center">0.8317</td><td class="align_center">0.0317</td></tr><tr><td class="align_left">S<sub>5</sub></td><td class="align_center">25.4805</td><td class="align_center">0.7055</td><td class="align_center">0.0269</td></tr><tr class="table-tr"><td colspan="4"><hr class="tbody-hr"/></td></tr></table></td></tr></table>

<div>Fuzzy TOPSIS outputs for the mini-grid energy sources problem.</div>

Journal of Renewable Energy

tab19

Table 19

Table 19: Determination of a Suitable Renewable Energy Source for Mini-Grid Business: A Risk-Based Multicriteria Approach 