Life Cycle Costing of Alternative Value Chains of Biomass Energy for Cooking in Kenya and Tanzania

Table 1

Considered biomass fuels and their production and consumption technologies in Kitui (KI) and Moshi (MO).

Energy carrier		Production technologies	Consumption technologies
Wood-based biomass energy	Firewood	None	Unimproved stoves: Three stones fireplace (KI, MO); Improved stoves: maendeleo, rocket, envirofit (KI); kuni chache, okoa (MO)
	Charcoal	Unimproved kiln: Basic earth mound kiln (KI,MO); Improved kiln: Improved basic earth kiln (KI, MO)	Unimproved charcoal stove (KI, MO); Improved charcoal stove: Kenya Ceramic Jiko (KI), Sazawa stove (MO)
Alternative biomass energy	Biogas	Plastic biogas digester (KI); VACVINA biogas digester (MO)	Biogas stove (KI, MO)
	Jatropha oil	Manual jatropha oil press (KI, MO); Diesel powered jatropha oil press (KI, MO)	Jatropha oil stove (KI, MO)
	Briquettes	Manual briquette press (KI, MO); Diesel powered briquette press (KI, MO)	Briquette stove (KI, MO)