Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Kidney Development

Table 2

Ligands of receptor tyrosine kinases with demonstrated functions in kidney organogenesis.

Ligand	Model	Renal phenotype	References
EGF	IMCD3 cells	Induction of cell migration and process formation in vitro	[36]
	UB cells	Induction of branching morphogenesis in vitro	[37]
FGF7	FGF7^-/-	Small kidneys, reduced UB branching and nephron number	[38]
FGF8	Pax3Cre/FGF ^loxP/loxP	Small kidneys, reduced number of collecting duct tips lack of progression of nephrogenesis to the S-shaped body stage short tubules	[39]
	BrachyuryCre/FGF ^loxP/loxP	Small kidneys, reduced UB branching, lack of progression of nephrogenesis to the comma- and S-shaped body stages	[40]
FGF10	FGF10^-/-	Small kidneys, dysplasia of outer medulla	[41]
GDNF	GDNF^-/-	Renal agenesis	[42]
HGF	IMCD3 cells	Induction of cell process formation in vitro	[36]
IGF1	UB cells	Induction of cell process formation in vitro	[43]
PDGF-B	PDGF-B^-/-	Lack of mesangial cells and pericytes	[44]
VEGF	Rat metanephric organ culture	Induction of vasculogenesis and tubulogenesis in vitro	[32]
	Mouse metanephric organ culture	Induction of UB branching and nephrons	[31]
	Rat metanephric and isolated intact UB culture	Induction of UB branching	[33]
	NephrinCre/VEGF-A^loxP/loxP	Small glomeruli, paucity of glomerular capillary loops effacement of podocyte foot processes	[45]

UB: ureteric bud, IMCD3: murine inner medullary collecting duct cells.