Trichomonas vaginalis Incidence Associated with Hormonal Contraceptive Use and HIV Infection among Women in Rakai, Uganda

Table 1

Baseline and demographic characteristics.

	Total		No HC/no condom use reported		COCs/injectables/implant		Condom only		𝑃 value
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Overall	2374	100	1054	100	829	100	491	100
Age
<20	165	7	82	7.8	18	2.2	65	13.2	<0.001
20–29	939	39.6	424	40.2	367	44.3	148	30.1
30–39	951	40.1	373	35.4	382	46.1	196	39.9
40+	319	13.4	175	16.6	62	7.5	82	16.7
Marital status
Never married	212	8.9	59	5.6	39	4.7	114	23.2	<0.001
Currently married	1887	79.5	895	84.9	728	87.8	264	53.8
Monogamous	1500	79.3	721	80.6	575	79	204	77.3
Polygamous	387	20.7	174	19.4	153	21	60	22.7
Previously married	275	11.6	100	9.5	62	7.5	113	23
Education
None	102	4.3	58	5.5	24	2.9	20	4.1	<0.001
Primary	1426	60.1	672	63.8	488	58.9	266	54.2
Secondary or more	846	35.6	324	30.7	317	38.2	205	41.8
Religion
Other	328	13.8	154	14.6	114	13.8	60	12.2	0.122
Catholic/Protestant	1977	83.3	860	81.6	697	84.1	420	85.5
Saved/Pentecostal	69	2.9	40	3.8	18	2.2	11	2.2
Nonmarital sexual partners in last 12 months
0	1835	77.3	880	83.5	719	86.7	236	48.1	<0.001
1	506	21.3	167	15.8	105	12.7	234	47.7
2+	33	1.4	7	0.7	5	0.6	21	4.3
Social-economic status
High	1311	55.2	518	49.1	502	60.6	291	59.3	<0.001
Middle	722	30.4	352	33.4	226	27.3	144	29.3
Low	341	14.4	184	17.5	101	12.2	56	11.4
HIV status
Negative	2069	87.2	961	91.2	752	90.7	356	71.5	<0.001
Positive	305	12.8	93	8.8	77	9.3	135	28.5
BV-scores
0–3	1093	46	475	45.1	386	46.6	232	47.3	0.316
4–6	339	14.3	145	13.8	132	15.9	62	12.6
7–10	942	39.7	434	41.2	311	37.5	197	40.1
Syphilis result
Negative	2300	96.9	1020	96.8	805	97.1	475	96.7	0.901
Positive	74	3.1	34	3.2	24	2.9	16	3.3