New Biomedical Technologies and Strategies for Prevention of HIV and Other Sexually Transmitted Infections

Table 1

Studies on the biomedical technologies and strategies for the prevention of HIV and other STIs.

Biomedical technology/strategy	Study	Study participants	Intervention	Risk reduction
HPV vaccine	—	Heterosexual young men	Bivalent HPV vaccine	91.6% (incident infection)
				100% (persistent infection)
HPV DNA testing	POBASCAM [109]	Heterosexual women	HPV testing	73% relative risk (versus histology)
Improved female condoms	—	Sexually active women	FC2	3% noninferiority margin
Microbicides	CAPRISA 004 [43]		Coital TFV vagina gel	54% (high adherers), 38% (intermediate adherers), 28% (low adherers)
Dapivirine coated vaginal rings	ASPIRE study (MTN 020) [52]	Sexually active women	Antiviral coated vaginal ring	27% risk reduction
HIV vaccine	RV 144 [66]	Heterosexual men and women	ALVAC-HIV and AIDSVAX vaccine regimen (prime-boost vaccine)	31%
TasP	HPTN 052 [110]	Serodiscordant heterosexual couples	Early versus delayed ART treatment	96%
PrEP	iPrEX [75]	MSM	Daily Truvada	44%
	Partner PrEP [111]	Heterosexual men and women	Daily TDF or TDF/FTC	67% for TDF, 75% for TDF/FTC
	TDF-2 [112]	Heterosexual men and women	Daily TDF/FTC	62.2%
	On-demand PrEP [78]	MSM	TDF/FTC	86%
	PROUD [113]	MSM	TDF/FTC	86%
PEP		Health care workers	Zidovudine pill	81%
Male circumcision	ANRS 1265 [82]	Heterosexual men		61% (female-male HIV transmission)
Mass drug administration	Mwanza study [102]	Community	Standardized STI treatment	40% (HIV transmission)