Exploratory Investigation of Chitosan as Mordant for Eco-Friendly Antibacterial Printing of Cotton with Natural Dyes

Table 3

Effect of mordants and marigold concentration on color strength of cotton.

Mordant (%)	Marigold (%)	Colour value	CIE colour coordinates			Washing fastness		Light fastness
		𝐾/𝑆	𝐿^∗	𝑎^∗	𝑏^∗	Change	Staining
Alum
10	1	1.1593	81.411	2.234	32.553	5	4-5	6
10	5	3.6119	85.186	−1.16	36.621	4-5	4	6
10	10	6.2023	86.014	1.086	37.852	4-5	3-4	7
20	1	1.1186	80.382	−1.66	31.881	4-5	3-4	6
20	5	4.3349	85.02	0.058	37.712	4	3-4	7
20	10	7.2649	86.29	0.494	38.388	4-5	4	7
Chitosan
10	1	1.3023	72.346	1.266	21.601	5	5	7
10	5	2.2313	76.981	0.533	24.224	5	4-5	7
10	10	3.4716	78.828	2.247	28.088	4-5	4-5	7
20	1	1.5061	74.502	0.916	23.481	5	4-5	7
20	5	3.5484	78.269	2.107	26.801	4-5	4-5	7
20	10	4.561	78.963	3.354	28.089	4-5	4	7
Copper sulphate
1	1	1.0403	74.96	2.073	22.475	5	5	7
1	5	3.0923	78.166	1.362	26.119	5	5	7
1	10	7.7622	81.004	0.148	29	4-5	4-5	7
2	1	1.4072	75.411	1.78	23.091	4	4	7
2	5	4.9077	79.504	1.514	28.381	4-5	4	7
2	10	12.4811	82.349	0.323	30.92	4	4	7