Traumatic Reticuloperitonitis in Water Buffalo (Bubalus bubalis): Clinical Findings and the Associated Inflammatory Response

Table 3

Means ± SEM of the selected inflammatory markers in buffalo with TRP compared to controls.

Variables	Control; (𝑛=10)	Buffalo with TRP; (𝑛=22)
TNF-α (pg/mL)	10.44 ± 0.56	22.30 ± 1.43*
IL-1β (pg/mL)	18.00 ± 0.71	26.41 ± 1.69**
IL-6 (pg/mL)	11.64 ± 0.68	31.12 ± 1.89*
IL-10 (pg/mL)	10.15 ± 0.31	23.59 ± 1.93*
IF-γ (pg/mL)	9.900 ± 0.18	10.28 ± 0.31^NS
SAA (μg/mL)	3.39 ± 0.41	100.5 ± 10.78*
CRP (mg/L)	25.00 ± 1.73	354.3 ± 22.04*
Hp (g/L)	0.114 ± 0.0138	2.24 ± 0.16*
Fibrinogen (g/L)	4.07 ± 0.46	5.828 ± 0.23*
Sialic acid (mmol/L)	0.162 ± 0.024	0.329 ± 0.025*

TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor alpha; IL-1β: interleukin 1 beta; IL-6: interleukin 6; IF-γ: interferon gamma; SAA: serum amyloid A; CRP: C-reactive protein; Hp: haptoglobin. ^∗𝑃<0.0001, ^∗∗𝑃<0.0003, ^NSnonsignificant, 𝑃=0.3156.