Goniometry and Limb Girth in Miniature Dachshunds

Table 2

Median and mean (with standard deviation) extension angles at the hip, stifle, and hock in miniature Dachshunds. Each value was viewed independently, meaning dog 1 left limb hock extension was one variable and right limb hock extension was a second variable.

Group	Median extension hip (°)	Median extension stifle (°)	Median extension hock (°)	Mean extension hip (°)	Standard deviation	Mean extension stifle (°)	Standard deviation	Mean extension hock (°)	Standard deviation
Group 1: ambulatory paraparetic group	155	163.5	167.5	155	9.4	164.2	6.9	169.2	9.2
Group 2: nonambulatory paraparetic group	151.5	160	172.5	152.5	10.6	157.3	7.7	171.5	8.0
Group 3: paraplegic group	160	160	167.5	156.5	10.1	159.4	10.0	167.5	9.7
Pooled data combining all three groups	155	160	167.5	154.7	2.0	160.3	3.5	169.4	2.0