Off-Site Lime Stabilisation as an Option to Treat Pit Latrine Faecal Sludge for Emergency and Existing On-Site Sanitation Systems

Table 5

Total Solids, Volatile Solids, and volatile reduction during small-scale trials.

Reactor	Total Solids (TS) (% wt wet basis)			Volatile Solids (VS) (% wt dry basis)			VS reduced
	Initial (%)	24 hrs (%)	Final (168) (%)	Initial (%)	24 hrs (%)	Final (%)	24 hrs (%)	168 hrs (%)
Control	12.33 ± 5.42	12.53 ± 3.5	11.77 ± 3.34	71.82 ± 4.26	69.8 ± 7.37	69.23 ± 7.37	9%	12%
pH 10	9.66 ± 24.6	11.51 ± 2.69	11.03 ± 2.79	61.79 ± 11.1	60.3 ± 9.61	60.91 ± 9.61	6%	4%
pH 10.5	9.63 ± 33.1	9.96 ± 5.34	13.05 ± 3.65	69.41 ± 7.46	56.66 ± 9.1	54.52 ± 9.05	42%	47%
pH 11	12.47 ± 29.9	11 ± 2.62	11.32 ± 2.35	76.66 ± 4.27	48.28 ± 9.2	43.73 ± 9.21	72%	76%
pH 11.5	11.21 ± 1.57	11.14 ± 0.7	11.02 ± 1.15	73.05 ± 2.42	45.77 ± 3.1	45.81 ± 3.13	69%	69%
pH 12	11.47 ± 4.95	11.57 ± 5.72	10.49 ± 0.75	75.62 ± 3.84	47.85 ± 8.6	45.49 ± 8.65	70%	73%

±: standard deviation across all four small-scale experiments.