Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part I: Theoretical Considerations

<table>Dependence of the particle collimation efficiency on the operating pressure through five-lens aerodynamic inlets (<svg height="11.175" id="M82" style="vertical-align:-0.0pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 49.512501 11.175" width="49.512501" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> mm) ended (a) without nozzle at <svg height="14.3125" id="M83" style="vertical-align:-2.2932pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 48.924999 14.3125" width="48.924999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> sccm and (b) with a two-stage nozzle (<svg height="15.4" id="M84" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 62.287498 15.4" width="62.287498" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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</svg> mm; <svg height="15.4" id="M85" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 58.075001 15.4" width="58.075001" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,.062,11.112)"><path d="M780 372q0 -191 -178 -297q-128 -75 -335 -75h-250l7 27q61 7 77 22t28 76l77 398q11 62 0 76.5t-77 22.5l6 28h292q164 0 258.5 -67.5t94.5 -210.5zM678 375q0 119 -73 180.5t-201 61.5q-62 0 -82 -13q-17 -7 -25 -53l-80 -427q-8 -47 -4 -62t26 -20q24 -6 80 -6
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,13.712,15.187)"><path d="M324 430l-26 -36l-112 -4l-55 -265q-13 -66 7 -66q13 0 44.5 20t50.5 40l17 -24q-38 -40 -85.5 -73.5t-87.5 -33.5q-50 0 -21 138l55 262h-80l-2 8l25 34h66l25 99l78 63l10 -9l-37 -153h128z" id="x1D461"></path></g>
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</svg> mm; <svg height="16.450001" id="M86" style="vertical-align:-3.3907pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 55.775002 16.450001" width="55.775002" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
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<g transform="matrix(.012,-0,0,-.012,9.5,16.25)"><path d="M495 86q-46 -47 -87 -72.5t-63 -25.5q-43 0 -16 107l49 210q7 34 8 50.5t-3 21t-13 4.5q-35 0 -109.5 -72.5t-115.5 -140.5q-21 -75 -38 -159q-50 -10 -76 -21l-6 8l84 340q8 35 -4 35q-17 0 -67 -46l-15 26q44 44 85.5 70.5t64.5 26.5q35 0 10 -103l-24 -98h2
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<g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,20.812,12.162)"><path d="M535 323h-483v50h483v-50zM535 138h-483v50h483v-50z" id="x3D"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,35.499,12.162)"><path d="M384 0h-275v27q67 5 81.5 18.5t14.5 68.5v385q0 38 -7.5 47.5t-40.5 10.5l-48 2v24q85 15 178 52v-521q0 -55 14.5 -68.5t82.5 -18.5v-27z" id="x31"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,43.659,12.162)"><path d="M113 -12q-24 0 -39.5 16t-15.5 42q0 24 16 40.5t40 16.5t40 -16.5t16 -40.5q0 -26 -16 -42t-41 -16z" id="x2E"></path></g><g transform="matrix(.017,-0,0,-.017,47.535,12.162)"><path d="M241 635q53 0 94 -28.5t63.5 -76t33.5 -102.5t11 -116q0 -58 -11 -112.5t-34 -103.5t-63.5 -78.5t-94.5 -29.5t-95 28t-64.5 75t-34.5 102.5t-11 118.5q0 58 11.5 112.5t34.5 103t64.5 78t95.5 29.5zM238 602q-32 0 -55.5 -25t-35.5 -68t-17.5 -91t-5.5 -105
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</svg> mm). Note that the pressure is given in torr units here</table>

Laser Chemistry

fig7

Figure 7

Figure 7: Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part I: Theoretical Considerations 

Figure 7 | Development, Characterization, and Application of a Versatile Single Particle Detection Apparatus for Time-Integrated and Time-Resolved Fluorescence Measurements—Part I: Theoretical Considerations 