A Perspective on the Emergence of Sialic Acids as Potent Determinants Affecting Leishmania Biology

Table 1

Quantitative analysis of sialic acids by fluorimetric-HPLC.

Strain	Designation and species	Disease form	HPLC of promastigotes (𝜇𝑔/2×10^9)^$
			Neu5Ac	Neu5Gc	Neu5,9Ac2
AG83	MHOM/IN/83/AG83 (L. donovani)	Visceral	0.80	ND	7.7% of total sialic acid
UR6	MHOM/IN/78/UR6 (L. donovani)	Avirulent; (incapable of infection)	0.055	0.28	ND*
K27	MHOM/SU/74/K27 (L. tropica)	Cutaneous	15.12	9.76	5.16
LV4	MNYC/BZ/62/M379 (L. Mexicana)	Cutaneous	0.72	0.08	ND
LV81	MORY/BR/72/M1824 (L. amazonensis)	Diffuse	0.12	Trace amount	ND

∗ND, not detectable.
^$The quantitative measurement of the different derivatives of sialic acids has been represented by normalizing the cell number (2×10⁹) and amount expressed as 𝜇g for the ease of comparison. Under the actual experimental conditions, analysis of K27, LV4, and LV81 was performed using 5×10⁹ promastigotes. Similarly, the amount of sialic acids estimated on AG83 and UR6 promastigotes was detected in terms of ng under the specified assay conditions
(reproduced and adapted from [59, 68, 69] with permission from publishers, the Oxford University Press, and Cambridge University press).