The Impact of Macrophage Nucleotide Pools on HIV-1 Reverse Transcription, Viral Replication, and the Development of Novel Antiviral Agents
Figure 1
SAMHD1 (SAM domain and HD domain-containing protein 1) and its regulatory mechanism of dNTPs as a host restriction mechanism to prevent HIV-1 infection in macrophages/macrophage-like cells. SAMHD1 cleaves dNTPs into a nucleoside and a triphosphate, rendering levels of intact dNTPs suboptimal to facilitate HIV-1 RT mediated DNA synthesis (a), but low SAMHD1 expression in lymphocytes prevents SAMHD1-mediated restriction in dividing cells such as activated CD4 T cells (b) [20].
