HIV Assembly and Budding: Ca²⁺ Signaling and Non-ESCRT Proteins Set the Stage

Figure 1

Elements of Ca²⁺ signaling machinery implicated in HIV-1 release. Tsg101-mediated release requires the core elements, IP3R, PI(4,5)P₂, and PLC. Alix-mediated release requires these, SOCE and ROCE. It is not known whether SOCE and ROCE are controlled by distinct Ca²⁺ channels [120] or if the same channel complexes mediate SOCE when recruited to lipid rafts and ROCE when they are outside of lipid rafts [121].