Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen as Target for Neuroimaging of Central Nervous System Tumors
Table 3
Summary of PSMA-targeted imaging in gliomas.
Authors
Year
Tumor type
PSMA tracer
Main results
Schwenck et al.
2015
1
GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 68Ga-PSMA uptake corresponded to contrast enhancement on MRI (ii) No 68Ga-PSMA uptake in unaffected brain regions
Unterrainer et al.
2017
1
Gliosarcoma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) High 68Ga-PSMA uptake, with median SUVmax 3.43 (range 2.22-5.27) (ii) Median TBRmax 48.93 (range 31.71-75.29)
Sasikumar et al.
2017
6
GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 4/4 GBMs with confirmed recurrence showed both 68Ga-PSMA and 18F-FDG uptake (ii) Higher TBR with 68Ga-PSMA (12.9) than 18F-FDG (0.96) in recurrent GBMs (iii) In the newly diagnosed GBM, higher TBR for 68Ga-PSMA (22.3) than 18F-FDG (1.11) These patients were reported again in the Sasikumar (2018) paper
Sasikumar et al.
2018
15
Glioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 9/9 GBMs with confirmed recurrence showed 68Ga-PSMA uptake (ii) TBR in recurrent GBM ranged 4.07-29.4, versus 1.15 in patient without recurrence (iii) Increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake in newly diagnosed and postsurgical GBM (iv) No 68Ga-PSMA uptake in postsurgical grade III oligodendroglioma (v) 68Ga-PSMA uptake does not correlate to glioma grade: 34.78 in grade II, 11.9-27.0 in grade III, 4.07-134.8 in grade IV
Kunikowska et al.
2018
1
GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) High 68Ga-PSMA uptake with SUVmax 23.7
Malik et al.
2018
1
Oligodendroglioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Better lesion delineation with 68Ga-PSMA uptake than 18F-FDG
Verma et al.
2019
10
Glioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Higher SUVmax in GBMs () than grade II gliomas () (ii) Higher TBR in GBMs (13.95) than grade II gliomas (3.42)
Gupta et al.
2020a
1
Recurrent GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 68Ga-PSMA uptake in postoperative cavity
Gupta et al.
2020b
1
GBM with pseudoprogression
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake in this “false positive” (ii) SUVmax 2.71 (versus 0.52 in normal brain tissue) and TBR 5.21
Kumar et al.
2020
1
Recurrent GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 68Ga-PSMA uptake in MRI-confirmed recurrent lesion (ii) 68Ga-PSMA uptake decreased with regression of lesion posttherapy
Moreau et al.
2020
1
GBM with pseudoprogression
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake in this “false positive” (ii) SUVmax 3.2
Pernthaler et al.
2021
1
Oligodendroglioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Homogenous high 68Ga-PSMA uptake and 18F-fluciclovie uptake (ii) Higher SUVmax with 68Ga-PSMA (9.7) than 18F-fluciclovine (6.5)
Pilati et al.
2020
1
GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) High 68Ga-PSMA uptake
Zhang et al.
2021
1
Glioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Heterogeneous 68Ga-PSMA uptake, lower in the core of the lesion (grade II tissue) and higher in circumferential foci (grade III tissue)
Kunikowska et al.
2020
15
Recurrent GBM
68Ga-PSMA
(i) 15/15 showed increased 68Ga-PSMA uptake, which correlated with MRI lesion (ii) Median SUVmax 6.5 (range 2.1-14.3), SUVmean 3.5 (1.3-6.1), TBR 96.7 (range 32.2-357.5)
Akgun et al.
2020
35
Glioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) Moderate correlation between tumor grade and SUVmax (), SUVmean (), SUVpeak () (ii) Grade II/III gliomas had significantly lower SUVmax than GBMs, with a cutoff of 2.3 (iii) LGG versus HGG cutoff for SUVmax was 1.15 (iv) 68Ga-PSMA was more sensitive () than MRI, but not more specific (v) Ki-67, mitosis, endothelial proliferation, and necrosis were correlated with SUV values, but ATRX mutation was not
Liu et al.
2021
30
Glioma
68Ga-PSMA
(i) PSMA PET had higher SUVmax (0.96) and SUVmean (0.94) than FDG PET (0.79, 0.74) (ii) 68Ga-PSMA PET was more effective for differentiating HGG from LGG
Salas Fragomeni et al.
2017
3
High-grade glioma
18F-DCFPyL
(i) 18F-DCFPyL uptake in 3/3 HGGs, with SUVmax ranged 5.8-13.5 (ii) No uptake in normal brain tissue
Matsuda et al.
2018
2
High-grade glioma
89Zr-Df-IAB2M
(i) In 1, high 89Zr-Df-IAB2M uptake in contrast-enhancing MRI lesion (ii) In 1, heterogeneous 89Zr-Df-IAB2M uptake with different distribution that 11C-MET
Marafi et al.
2020
1
Recurrent glioblastoma
18F-PSMA
(i) Increased uptake of both 18F-PSMA and 18F-FDG in the MRI lesion (ii) Better differentiation with 18F-PSMA than 18F-FDG
