Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax Prevalence in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Subgroup analysis of the possible heterogeneity sources for the overall pooled prevalence of malaria in Ethiopia, 2019.

Heterogeneity source	Category	Prevalence (95% CI)	(%)	-value
Region	Oromia	44.5 (21, 51)	100	0.0
	Amhara	19.2 (12, 26)	100	0.0
	SNNPR	28.5 (22, 35)	99.9	0.0
	Others	22 (12, 33)	99.2	0.0
Altitude	Lowland	20.7 (15, 26)	99.7	0.0
	Midland	26 (16, 34)	100	0.0
	Mixed	37.6 (30, 45)	100	0.0
	Unidentified	24 (10, 39)	100	0.0
Publication year	2009–2012	40.6 (28, 53)	99.9	0.0
	2013–2015	27.9 (19, 37)	100	0.0
	2016–2018	19.3 (14,25)	100	0.0
Sampling technique	Probability	15.5 (3, 28)	99.9	0.0
	Survey	26.6 (19, 35)	100	0.0
	Unknown	34.4 (16, 53)	99.9	0.0
	Nonprobability	35.9 (35, 36)	—	—
Setting	Rural	32.3 (27, 38)	99.9	0.0
	Urban	27.6 (4, 51)	—	—
	Mixed	28.3 (21, 36)	100	0.0
	Unknown	15.9 (7, 25)	99.9	0.0
Study participant	General population	25.1 (20, 30)	100	0.0
	Specific groups	29.5 (11, 46)	99.8	0.0
Diagnostic method	Microscopy	24.5 (20, 29)	100	0.0
	RDT	1.9 (2, 2)	99.8	0.0
	Mixed	69.8 (69, 71)	—	—