| Heterogeneity source | Category | Prevalence (95% CI) | (%) | -value |
| Region | Oromia | 44.5 (21, 51) | 100 | 0.0 | Amhara | 19.2 (12, 26) | 100 | 0.0 | SNNPR | 28.5 (22, 35) | 99.9 | 0.0 | Others | 22 (12, 33) | 99.2 | 0.0 |
| Altitude | Lowland | 20.7 (15, 26) | 99.7 | 0.0 | Midland | 26 (16, 34) | 100 | 0.0 | Mixed | 37.6 (30, 45) | 100 | 0.0 | Unidentified | 24 (10, 39) | 100 | 0.0 |
| Publication year | 2009–2012 | 40.6 (28, 53) | 99.9 | 0.0 | 2013–2015 | 27.9 (19, 37) | 100 | 0.0 | 2016–2018 | 19.3 (14,25) | 100 | 0.0 |
| Sampling technique | Probability | 15.5 (3, 28) | 99.9 | 0.0 | Survey | 26.6 (19, 35) | 100 | 0.0 | Unknown | 34.4 (16, 53) | 99.9 | 0.0 | Nonprobability | 35.9 (35, 36) | — | — |
| Setting | Rural | 32.3 (27, 38) | 99.9 | 0.0 | Urban | 27.6 (4, 51) | — | — | Mixed | 28.3 (21, 36) | 100 | 0.0 | Unknown | 15.9 (7, 25) | 99.9 | 0.0 |
| Study participant | General population | 25.1 (20, 30) | 100 | 0.0 | Specific groups | 29.5 (11, 46) | 99.8 | 0.0 |
| Diagnostic method | Microscopy | 24.5 (20, 29) | 100 | 0.0 | RDT | 1.9 (2, 2) | 99.8 | 0.0 | Mixed | 69.8 (69, 71) | — | — |
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