Association of Metabolic Syndrome and Inflammation with Cognitive Decline in Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: Findings from a National Health Survey in the United States
Table 1
Characteristics of participants.
Men
Women
()
()
value
Mean/%
(SEM/P)
Mean/%
(SEM/P)
Continuous var. mean (SEM)
Age (yrs)
70.04
(0.26)
71.17
(0.37)
0.002
Waist circumference (mm)
104.00
(0.36)
96.21
(0.42)
<0.001
Systolic BP (mmHg)
133.90
(0.70)
141.94
(0.97)
<0.001
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
71.61
(0.50)
69.87
(0.55)
0.015
HDL-C (mg/dL)
46.50
(0.60)
58.95
(0.61)
<0.001
Triglycerides (mg/dL)
150.96
(3.40)
150.98
(3.09)
0.264
Fasting glucose (mg/dL)
106.09
(1.25)
101.53
(1.06)
0.003
C-reactive protein (mg/L)
0.50
(0.04)
0.55
(0.02)
<0.001
DSS test score
45.26
(0.78)
47.03
(0.78)
0.026
Categorical var. (%) (SEP)
Race/ethnicity
<0.001
White
84.77
(1.66)
82.80
(2.07)
Black
6.35
(0.91)
7.12
(1.29)
Hispanic
2.89
(0.54)
2.63
(0.61)
Others
6.00
(1.39)
7.45
(1.78)
Marital status
<0.001
Married
78.89
(1.54)
46.52
(1.81)
Unmarried
21.11
(1.54)
53.48
(1.81)
Smoking status
<0.001
Never smoked
30.41
(1.72)
60.50
(1.86)
Formal smokers
57.49
(1.49)
30.30
(1.65)
Current smokers
12.10
(0.98)
9.20
(0.91)
Chronic conditions
Hypertension
30.81
(1.36)
44.56
(1.79)
<0.001
Coronary heart disease
13.83
(1.26)
7.05
(1.01)
0.001
Stroke
5.93
(0.67)
6.17
(0.62)
0.798
Diabetes
14.82
(1.26)
13.43
(0.86)
0.432
MetS (%)
34.24
(1.48)
39.78
(1.77)
0.019
SEM/P: standard error of mean, standard error of proportion. HDL-C: high density lipoprotein cholesterol. DSS: digit symbol substitution test. Sex differences were tested using SAS procedure Surveyreg. Log-triglyceride, log-glucose, and log-C-reactive protein values were used in the test. MetS: metabolic syndrome.
