Morphological Analysis of CDC2 and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3β Phosphorylation as Markers of G2 → M Transition in Glioma

Figure 7

CDC2 interacting proteins and G2 →  M transition regulators change expression levels after TMZ and BCNU treatment. For experimental details, see Bredel et al. [16]. GBM cell lines from three patients (DI, LX, and ME) were derived at initial surgery and then selected in vitro for resistance to BCNU or TMZ (DI.mock = no in vitro selection in first surgery, ME.TMZ = in vitro selection for TMZ from cell line derived from initial surgery, etc.). These patients showed recurrence that was treated surgically, and cell lines from these recurrent/treated tumors were derived (DIR, LXR, MER, R = recurrent). The recurrent cell lines were also selected in vitro for resistance to BCNU or TMZ (mock = no in vitro selection). Heirarchical clustering of the genes (right) is shown on the left of the heatmap. Gene names are cell division cycle 25A = CDC25A; CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 2: ckshs2 = homolog of Cks1 = p34Cdc28/Cdc2-associated protein = CKS2; Cyclin-dependent kinase 7/CAK = CDK7; cyclin-dependent kinase (CDC2-like) 11 CDK11; epidermal growth factor receptor = EGFR; Cyclin B2 = CCNB2; Cyclin B1 = CCNB1; cyclin B3 = CCNB3; cell division cycle 2-like 5 = CDC2L5; cell division cycle 2 = CDC2; glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta = GSK3β; cell division cycle 25C = CDC25C; WEE1 homolog = WEE1; cell division cycle 25A = CDC25A; cell division cycle 25B CDC25B; cell division cycle 25B = CDC25B; membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase: Myt1 kinase = PKMYT1; similar to Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1 (Polo-like kinase 1) (PLK-1) (serine-threonine protein kinase 13) (STPK13) = 4073 and 32136; Polo-like kinase 1 = PLK1; CHK1 checkpoint homolog = CHEK1; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, gamma interacting protein 1 = GADD45GIP1; growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible, beta = GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible, gamma = GADD45G; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible, beta = GADD45B; growth arrest and DNA damage inducible, betaGADD45B; Cyclin A1 = CCNA1; Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 2 (CDC2-related kinase) = CDKL2; Cyclin A2 = CCNA2; exosome component 9: cyclin A DNA = EXOSC9; kelch/ankyrin repeat containing cyclin A1 interacting protein = KARCA1; cDNA_clone AA608568 890 CCNA2. Cases of repeated genes on the right represent different probes targeting the same gene.