Human Papillomavirus and Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case-Control Study regarding Tobacco and Alcohol Consumption

Table 3

Characteristics of all cases according to HPV status.

	HPV 𝑛 (%)
	Positive	Negative
Variable	(𝑛=14)	(𝑛=18)	𝐏 value
Tobacco and Alcohol			<0.001
Nonsmoking and nondrinking	12 (86)	4 (22)
Smoking and drinking	2 (14)	14 (78)
p16^INK4A overexpression			<0.001
+	13 (93)	1 (6)
−	0	17 (94)
±	1 (7)	0
Tumor location (ICD-code)			NS*
Base of tongue (141.0)	4 (29)	8 (45)
Tonsil (146.0)	4 (29)	6 (33)
Tonsillar fossa (146.1)	4 (29)	2 (11)
Vallecula (146.3)	2 (15)	2 (11)
Tumor			NS
T1	3 (21)	1 (6)
T2	6 (43)	7 (39)
T3	3 (21)	6 (33)
T4	2 (15)	4 (22)
			NS
T1-T2	9 (65)	8 (45)
T3-T4	5 (35)	10 (55)
Nodal involvement			NS
N0	4 (29)	7 (39)
N1	3 (21)	4 (22)
N2	7 (50)	7 (39)
Stage			NS
II	2 (15)	4 (22)
III	5 (35)	5 (28)
IVA	7 (50)	9 (50)
Year of initial diagnosis			NS
1982–1986	1 (7)	2 (11)
1987–1991	2 (15)	3 (17)
1992–1996	6 (43)	5 (28)
1997–2001	2 (15)	5 (28)
2002–2006	3 (21)	3 (17)
Treatment modality			NS
Radiotherapy	6 (43)	6 (33)
Chemotherapy + radiotherapy	2 (15)	0
Surgery + radiotherapy	5 (35)	9 (50)
Surgery	0	2 (11)
Chemotherapy	0	1 (6)
Supportive	1 (7)	0
Tumor grade			NS
Moderate	7 (50)	4 (22)
Poor	7 (50)	14 (78)
Perineural growth			NS
Yes	4 (29)	2 (11)
No	10 (71)	16 (89)
Vasoinvasive growth			NS
Yes	3 (21)	1 (6)
No	11 (79)	17 (94)
Keratinization			0.025
Yes	3 (21)	11 (61)
No	11 (79)	7 (39)
Basaloid features			0.039
Yes	9 (65)	5 (28)
No	5 (35)	13 (78)
Tumor recurrence			NS
Yes	3 (21)	3 (17)
No	11 (79)	15 (83)
Second primary tumor			NS
Yes	1 (7)	4 (22)
No	13 (93)	14 (78)

*Nonsignificant.