Surgical Incision Induces Anxiety-Like Behavior and Amygdala Sensitization: Effects of Morphine and Gabapentin

Figure 1

Development of an anxiety-like behavior and mechanical allodynia following surgical incision. (a) Time-course changes in PWT in the rats with surgical incision and (b) the percentage of time spent in open arm in the EPM tests in the sham-operated and incisional groups. (c) Open-field test shows the decreased time spent in the inner square at 1 hour after operation. (d) Total travel distance in open-field test between the control and 1 hour postoperative rats. *$P<.05$, **$P<.01$ were compared to the sham-operated control ($n=7$). BL indicates baseline.

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