Physicians Experience with and Expectations of the Safety and Tolerability of WHO-Step III Opioids for Chronic (Low) Back Pain: Post Hoc Analysis of Data from a German Cross-Sectional Physician Survey

<div>Frequency of different effects reported with WHO-step III opioids in patients with chronic low back pain. Parameters shown are box-and-whisker diagrams (with the bottom and top of the box defined by the first and third quartiles, the band inside by the median, and the whiskers representing the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles).</div>

Pain Research and Treatment

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Figure 4: Physicians Experience with and Expectations of the Safety and Tolerability of WHO-Step III Opioids for Chronic (Low) Back Pain: Post Hoc Analysis of Data from a German Cross-Sectional Physician Survey 

Figure 4 | Physicians Experience with and Expectations of the Safety and Tolerability of WHO-Step III Opioids for Chronic (Low) Back Pain: Post Hoc Analysis of Data from a German Cross-Sectional Physician Survey 