Pain Research and Treatment

Research Article

Pain Predicts Function One Year Later: A Comparison across Pain Measures in a Rheumatoid Arthritis Sample

Table 3

Logistic regression models of baseline pain ratings predicting functional limitations at 1 year.
Predictors (baseline)  Outcomes: functional limitations (1 year)
 ⁢Physician report of function  ⁢Patient report of function ⁢Physician and patient
 ⁢ACR classes II–IV  ⁢Mobility   ⁢Self-care  ⁢Report of function
 OR95% CI OR95% CI  OR95% CI OR95% CI
Models for pain in the last 24 hours:             
 Pain in last 24 hours 1.15(1.01, 1.31) 1.05(0.93, 1.220) 1.22(1.03, 1.43) 1.04(0.92, 1.18)
 Corresponding functional limitations 13.22(6.84, 25.54)  15.45(7.48, 31.90) 15.72(6.95, 35.56) 13.17(6.57, 26.38)
Models for pain in the last month:            
 Pain in the last month 1.23(1.08, 1.40) 1.15(1.02, 1.29) 1.18(0.99, 1.40) 1.16(1.03, 1.32)
 Corresponding functional limitations 11.96(6.14, 23.29) 14.54(7.09, 29.81) 15.54(6.86, 35.19) 10.99(5.50, 21.95)
Models for full AIMS2 pain scale:            
 AIMS2 pain scale 1.25(1.10, 1.43) 1.19(1.05, 1.34) 1.32(1.11, 1.59) 1.21(1.07, 1.37)
 Corresponding functional limitations 11.28(5.77, 22.07) 13.56(6.58, 27.92) 12.9(5.60, 29.71) 10.32(5.16, 20.65)
Models for frequency of severe pain:            
 Frequency of severe pain 1.18(1.06, 1.33) 1.16(1.05, 1.29) 1.25(1.09, 1.45) 1.19(1.07, 1.32)
 Corresponding functional limitations 12.04(6.20, 23.40) 13.72(6.67, 28.23) 12.56(5.45, 28.95) 10.54(5.29, 21.00)
; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
Bold odds ratios represent significant main effects of baseline pain predicting function at 1 year at .