Kinesiophobia, Pain, Muscle Functions, and Functional Performances among Older Persons with Low Back Pain

Table 2

Presence of joint pain at other sites and movements and activities inducing LBP and kinesiophobia.

	Yes (%)	No (%)
Do you have pain in the following sites?
Neck	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Elbow	6 (9.5)	57 (90.5)
Hip	8 (12.7)	55 (87.3)
Foot or ankle	12 (19.0)	51 (81.0)
Shoulder	16 (25.4)	47 (74.6)
Wrist of hand	11 (17.5)	52 (82.5)
Knee	25 (39.7)	38 (60.3)
Do these movements increase your back pain?
Trunk rotation	10 (15.9)	53 (84.1)
Bending backward	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Side flexion	5 (7.9)	58 (92.1)
Bending trunk	29 (46)	34 (54)
Side flexion and rotation	12 (19)	51 (81)
Do these activities increase your back pain?
Sitting to standing	28 (44.4)	35 (55.6)
Climb up and down the stairs	16 (25.4)	47 (74.6)
Walking	20 (31.7)	43 (68.3)
Squatting	14 (22.2)	49 (77.8)
Cross over an obstacle	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Lifting objects	20 (31.7)	43 (68.3)
Reach overhead objects	8 (12.7)	55 (87.3)
Reach objects on the floor	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Prolonged lying	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Prolonged sitting	28 (44.4)	35 (55.6)
Prolonged standing	19 (30.2)	44 (69.8)
Self-reported kinesiophobia	33 (52.4)	30 (47.6)
Do these movements increase your fear?
Trunk rotation	6 (9.5)	57 (90.5)
Bending backward	4 (6.3)	59 (93.7)
Side flexion	10 (15.9)	53 (84.1)
Bending trunk	10 (15.9)	53 (84.1)
Side flexion and rotation	9 (14.3)	54 (85.7)
Do these daily activities increase your fear?
Sitting to standing	15 (23.8)	48 (76.2)
Climb up and down the stairs	9 (14.3)	54 (85.7)
Walking	13 (20.6)	50 (79.4)
Squatting	7 (11.1)	56 (88.9)
Cross over an obstacle	3 (4.8)	60 (95.2)
Lifting objects	11 (17.5)	52 (82.5)
Reach overhead objects	2 (3.2)	61 (96.8)
Reach objects below	4 (6.3)	59 (93.7)
Prolonged lying	3 (4.8)	60 (95.2)
Prolonged sitting	13 (20.6)	50 (79.4)
Prolonged standing	14 (22.2)	49 (777.8)