Research Article
Association of Serum Serotonin and Pain in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain before and after Spinal Surgery
Table 1
The detailed data about levels of pre- and postoperative pain based on numerical rating scale.
| | Pain (Numerical Rating Scale score) | | | Pre-operation | Post-operation | P value |
| Surgery | | | | Laminectomy & discectomy | 7.66 ± 2.27 | 3.72 ± 2.82 | < .001 | Laminotomy & discectomy | 7.18 ± 2.13 | 4 ± 3.07 | < .001 | Gender | | | | Male | 7.66 ± 2.28 | 4.4 ± 3.45 | .006 | Female | 7.24 ± 2.14 | 3.56 ± 2.58 | < .001 | Age | | | | < 50 yrs/old | 7.21 ± 2.11 | 3.64 ± 3.12 | .001 | > 50 yrs/old | 7.5 ± 2.24 | 4 ± 2.87 | < .001 | Cigarette smoker | | | | Yes | 7.16 ± 2.63 | 6.5 ± 3.98 | .63 | No | 7.44 ± 2.13 | 3.41 ± 2.49 | < .001 | Opium addict | | | | Yes | 7.25 ± 2.36 | 5.25 ± 4.42 | .51 | No | 7.41 ± 2.19 | 3.72 ± 2.76 | < .001 |
|
|
Data are shown as mean ± standard deviation.
|