Research Article
Predictors of Nasal Obstruction: Quantification and Assessment Using Multiple Grading Scales
Table 1
Summary of patient characteristics and association with NOSE score.
| | | Percent total or mean ± SD
( = number of patients) | NOSE score
mean ± SD or Pearson’s | value, statistical test | | ‡ (one-way ANOVA) | | † (Student’s -test) | | (Pearson correlation) | | = statistical significance |
| | Demographics | | | | | Age (years) | 52.1 ± 17.5 years
() | = 8.5 × 10−5
No or negligible relationship | = 0.8843, | | Gender (%) | | | | | Male | 66.3% () | 30.4 ± 22.5 | = 0.1486, † | | Female | 33.7% () | 35.2 ± 26.8 | | BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 6.8 kg/m2
() | = 0.0007
No or negligible relationship | = 0.6815, | | Ethnicity (%) | | | | | Caucasian | 69.1% () | 33.4 ± 24.5 | = 0.2572, ‡ | | Asian | 12.5% () | 26.8 ± 23.5 | | Hispanic | 7.1% () | 25.2 ± 20.3 | | Indian | 6.3% () | 27.1 ± 19.0 | | Black | 4.1% () | 44.3 ± 29.9 | | Pacific Islander | 0.83% () | 27.5 ± 3.5 |
| | Medical history | | | | | History of nasal trauma (%) | | | | | Yes | 18.7% () | 40.0 ± 23.6 | = 0.0136, † | | No | 81.3% () | 30.2 ± 23.9 | | Prior nasal surgery (%) | | | | | Yes | 22.5% () | 36.3 ± 23.6 | = 0.1421, † | | No | 77.5% () | 30.8 ± 24.2 | | Allergic rhinitis (%) | | | | | Yes | 33.8% () | 41.2 ± 25.8 | < 0.0001, † | | No | 66.3% () | 27.3 ± 21.8 | | Nasal steroids (%) | | | | | Yes | 14.6% () | 41.5 ± 24.9 | = 0.0108, † | | No | 85.4% () | 30.4 ± 23.7 | | Nasal antihistamines (%) | | | | | Yes | 10.8% () | 38.0 ± 25.0 | = 0.1820, † | | No | 89.1% () | 31.3 ± 23.9 | | Oral antihistamines (%) | | | | | Yes | 5.0% () | 31.5 ± 23.8 | = 0.1379, † | | No | 95.0% () | 42.0 ± 28.8 |
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