Brain Metastasis in Bone and Soft Tissue Cancers: A Review of Incidence, Interventions, and Outcomes

Table 2

Comparison of published reports detailing characteristics of patients with brain metastases from Ewing’s sarcoma.

Case author	Age, sex	Primary site	Primary treatment	IB Mo	Metastatic site	Metastatic treatment	OS Mo	Special aspects
Baid et al., 1992 [31]	8 M	Left thigh	RT; chemo	1	Right sellar and parasellar region	WBRT	NR	No response of local disease to chemotherapy
Mineura et al., 1989 [147]	5 F	Axilla	SR; chemo	5	Right occipital region	SR, WBRT,; C, I	0	Suppression of blood flow, metabolism of grey matter adjacent to BM
Capitini et al., 2009 [34]	26 M	Left lateral femur	RT; chemo	3	Left parietal and right occipital	SR, WBRT, GKSRS	10	Developed GVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant
Simpson et al., 1989 [32]	21 M	Right 6th and 7th rib	SR; chemo	24	Left parietal cortex	SR, WBRT	2^b	Initial sarcoma misdiagnosed as costochondritis,
Parasuraman et al., 1999 [35]	𝑁 = 11; 5–15, M (5)	Pelvis (4), humerus, scapula, tibia, vertebrae (2)	RT; chemo	12–54	Parietal (4), frontal (5), temporal	RT, S, chemotherapy	3	Pediatric case series
Turgut et al., 1994 [36]	22 M	Sacroiliac joint	SR chemotherapy	24	Temporal lobe, parietal	RT	8	No active lesion within primary, BM occurred 24 months s/p treatment
Kies and Kennedy, 1978 [37]	𝑁 = 3; 17.4	NR	RT, chemo	NR	Multiple	WBRT	3	Retrospective analysis of 134 patients with Ewing sarcoma. Found 3 BM
Olivi et al., 1991 [30]	30 F	Rib	SR. RT, chemo	48	Right posterior frontal	WBRT, S, E, Df; C, D	19^b	Pancytopenias, and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia.
Chou et al., 2011 [4]	𝑁 = 2; 17–33; M (1)	NR	RT, chemo	NR	Multiple	Palliative	NR	Respiratory failure, neuropenian, pneumonia
Salvati et al., 2010, 1998 [2, 9]	𝑁 =5; 19–55, M (4)	Femur (2), sacrum, tibia, ulna	RT, chemo	1–13	Multiple (2), occipital, frontal, parietal	WBRT/unspecified	NR	Retrospective analysis of 35 cases of supratentorial brain metastases
Paulino et al., 2003 [17]	𝑁 = 6; 18–20, M	Scapula (2), rib, femur, humerus, pelvis	RT, chemo	0–8	Multiple (2), frontal, parietal, temporal (2)	WBRT + chemo (5), palliative	1.5–9	1 death due to BM
Ogose et al., 1999 [33]	𝑁 = 2; 17–44, M (1)	Thigh, buttock	RT, chemo	3-4	Right temporal, occipital	Conservative	1–6
Bindal et al., 1994 [38]	𝑁 = 4; 7–58, M (3)	Tibia, femur, thigh, chest wall	NR	29–115	Multiple (3), frontal	S (3),WBRT	NR
Flannery et al., 2010 [15]	33 F	Pelvis	RT, chemo	96	Multiple	S,WBRT,GKSRS	24
Bouffet et al., 1997 [16]	17 M	NR	RT, chemo	11	Multiple	RT	2	Patient expired secondary to BM

IB: interval to brain metastasis (mo); OS: overall survival in months; M: male; F: female; chemo: chemotherapy; SR: surgical resection; GKSRS: Gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery. GVHD, graft versus host disease; ICH: intracerebral hemorrhage on presentation; WBRT: whole brain radiotherapy; RT: radiotherapy; D: death; NED: no evidence of disease; NR: not reported; NF: associated with neurofibromatosis type-1; ^abrain metastasis at initial presentation; ^balive at last follow-up without recurrence.