|
| Study and authors | Patient sample | Results |
|
| Glazer et al., 1981 [100] | 19 men with TD; 29 postmenopausal women with TD; 21 men without TD | Prolactin levels were higher in women, but not in men, with severe TD compared to those with mild TD |
|
| Csernansky et al., 1986 [75] | 33 male patients with schizophrenia on treatment; 8 off treatment; 18 normal male controls | “Prolactin index” (plasma prolactin divided by plasma neuroleptic activity) was negatively correlated with the severity of TD in younger patients |
|
| Monteleone et al., 1988 [46] | 9 patients with schizophrenia and TD; 7 with schizophrenia alone; 10 healthy controls; challenge with sodium valproate 800 mg | Patients with schizophrenia and TD, but not schizophrenia alone, showed a decrease in prolactin following valproate administration; this decrease was correlated with the severity of TD as measured by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale |
|
| Shim et al., 2005 [45] | Patients with schizophrenia with and without TD; challenge with the serotonin agonist and dopamine antagonist buspirone | Prolactin response to buspirone decreased in patients with TD |
|
| Asnis et al., 1979 [101] | 6 patients with tardive dyskinesia, on and off medication, and following a challenge with haloperidol 0.5 mg i.m.; healthy controls | No difference in prolactin levels between the groups in any of the conditions |
|
| Ettigi et al., 1976 [102] | 17 patients with “chronic schizophrenia” (4 of whom had oral TD) and 21 normal controls; challenge with apomorphine 0.75 mg s.c. | No difference in prolactin levels between patients and controls, either baseline or after apomorphine challenge |
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