Suicide Behavior and Its Predictors in Patients with Schizophrenia in Ethiopia

Table 4

Bivariate and multivariate analyses for determinant factors of suicide behavior in patients with schizophrenia at AMSH, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2019 .

Variables	Category	Suicide behavior		COR (95% CI)	AOR (95% CI)
		Yes	No
Age	18-27	16	45	1	1
	28-37	36	80	1.26 (0.63, 2.53)	1.44 (0.48, 4.32)
	38-47	24	58	1.16 (0.55, 2.45)	1.20 (0.34, 4.17)
	≥48	16	25	1.80 (0.77, 4.20)	1.29 (0.29, 5.73)
Sex	Male	61	142	1	1
	Female	31	66	1.09 (0.65, 1.84)	2.05 (0.29, 4.62)
Marital status	Single	47	132	1	1
	Married	32	60	1.50 (0.87, 2.58)	1.56 (0.67, 3.60)
	Divorced	13	16	2.28 (1.02, 5.09)	2.49 (0.73, 8.55)
Educational status	Illiterate	25	45	1.27 (0.52, 3.12)	1.07 (0.26, 4.41)
	Primary	25	50	1.15 (0.47, 2.78)	1.22 (0.34, 4.35)
	Secondary	32	90	0.82 (0.35, 1.90)	1.07 (0.31, 3.66)
	≥college	10	23	1	1
Occupational status	Employed	15	47	1	1
	Unemployed	77	161	1.49 (0.78, 2.85)	3.65 (1.32, 10.05)
Area of residence	Rural	28	50	1	1
	Urban	64	158	0.72 (0.42, 1.25)	0.85 (0.34, 2.07)
Living status	With family	75	182	1	1
	Alone	17	26	1.58 (0.81, 3.09)	1.78 (0.65, 4.93)
Duration of illness	≤3 years	20	54	1	1
	3.1-5 years	12	38	0.85 (0.37, 1.95)	1.99 (0.59, 6.67)
	>5 years	60	116	1.39 (0.76, 2.55)	2.49 (0.88, 7.03)
Known chronic illness	Yes	20	19	2.76 (1.39, 5.47)	1.37 (0.41, 4.56)
	No	72	189	1	1
Family history of mental illness	Yes	26	51	1.21 (0.69, 2.12)	1.05 (0.47, 2.35)
	No	66	157	1	1
Family history of suicide	Yes	47	5	3.67 (2.08, 6.48)	3.16 (1.38, 7.23)
	No	45	203	1	1
Episodes of illness	Continuous	19	56	1	1
	Single episode	29	53	1.70 (0.85, 3.42)	1.77 (0.66, 4.75)
	2-4 episodes	24	63	1.18 (0.58, 2.41)	0.52 (0.17, 1.58)
	5 and above	21	36	1.82 (0.85, 3.86)	1.29 (0.42, 3.98)
Substance use	Yes	42	46	2.96 (1.75, 5.00)	2.51 (1.13, 5.59)
	No	50	162	1	1
Social support	Poor	60	128	0.82 (0.23, 2.91)	0.40 (0.06, 2.66)
	Moderate	28	73	0.67 (0.18, 2.47)	0.35 (0.05, 2.44)
	Strong	4	7	1	1
Medication adherence	Adhered	65	159	1	1
	Nonadhered	27	49	1.35 (0.77, 2.34)	2.01 (0.86, 4.70)
Hallucination	Yes	62	48	6.89 (4.00, 11.85)	6.39 (2.86, 14.29)
	No	30	160	1	1
Delusion	Yes	56	39	6.74 (3.91, 11.62)	4.15 (1.95, 14.29)
	No	36	169	1	1
Disorganized speech	Yes	16	11	3.77 (1.67, 8.49)	1.72 (0.42, 7.03)
	No	76	197	1	1
Anhedonia	Yes	36	67	1.35 (0.81, 2.25)	0.44 (0.18, 1.03)
	No	56	141	1	1
Asocialia	Yes	31	53	1.48 (0.87, 2.53)	0.93 (0.37, 2.36)
	No	61	155	1	1
Loss of personal motivation	Yes	27	41	1.69 (0.96, 2.97)	0.53 (0.20, 1.38)
	No	65	167	1	1
Alogia	Yes	18	18	2.56 (1.26, 5.20)	1.96 (0.64, 6.04)
	No	74	190	1	1
Depression	Yes	45	163	6.08 (3.53, 10.46)	4.81 (1.98, 11.68)
	No	47	45	1	1

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