Adherence to Typical Antipsychotics among Patients with Schizophrenia in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 4

Relationship between adherence status and side effects experienced.

Side effect experienced	(%)	Adherence, 113 (83.7)	Nonadherence, 22 (16.3)	value
Loss of energy drive
No	46 (34.1)	32 (69.6)	14 (30.4)	0.001
Yes	89 (65.9)	81 (91.0)	8 (9.0)
Feeling unmotivated
No	68 (50.4)	53 (77.9)	15 (22.1)	0.068
Yes	67 (49.6)	60 (89.5)	7 (10.5)
Day time sedation
No	59 (43.7)	47 (79.7)	12 (20.3)	0.262
Yes	76 (56.3)	66 (86.8)	10 (12.2)
Too much sleep
No	75 (55.6)	62 (82.7)	13 (17.3)	0.715
Yes	60 (44.4)	51 (85.0)	9 (15.0)
Muscle too stiff
No	100 (74.1)	85 (85.0)	15 (15.0)	0.491
Yes	35 (25.9)	28 (80.0)	7 (20.0)
Shaking
No	86 (63.7)	70 (81.4)	16 (18.6)	0.336
Yes	49 (36.3)	43 (87.8)	6 (12.2)
Jittery
No	94 (69.6)	77 (81.9)	17 (18.1)	0.394
Yes	41 (30.4)	36 (87.8)	5 (12.2)
Akathisia
No	104 (77.0)	85 (81.7)	19 (18.3)	0.256
Yes	31 (23.0)	28 (90.3)	3 (9.7)
Trouble waking up
No	66 (48.9)	55 (83.3)	11 (16.7)	0.909
Yes	69 (51.1)	58 (84.1)	11 (15.9)
Vision changes
No	96 (71.1)	78 (81.2)	18 (18.8)	0.226
Yes	39 (28.9)	35 (89.7)	4 (10.3)
Dry mouth
No	89 (65.9)	74 (83.1)	15 (16.9)	0.807
Yes	46 (34.1)	39 (84.8)	7 (15.2)
Drooling of saliva
No	115 (85.2)	96 (83.5)	19 (16.5)	0.865
Yes	20 (14.8)	17 (85.0)	3 (15.0)
Memory problems
No	72 (53.3)	60 (83.3)	12 (16.7)	0.901
Yes	63 (46.7)	53 (84.1)	10 (15.9)
Constipation
No	99 (73.3)	85 (85.9)	14 (14.1)	0.261
Yes	36 (26.7)	28 (77.8)	8 (22.2)
Weight changes
Decrease	24 (17.8)	22 (91.7)	2 (8.3)	0.294
Increase	77 (57.0)	65 (84.4)	12 (15.6)
No change	34 (25.2)	26 (76.5)	8 (23.53)
Sexual arousal
No	63 (46.7)	53 (84.1)	10 (15.9)	0.901
Yes	72 (53.3)	60 (83.3)	12 (16.7)
Menstrual changes
No	113 (83.7)	97 (85.8)	16 (14.2)	0.128
Yes	22 (16.3)	16 (72.7)	6 (27.3)
Total number of side effects experienced (mean, SD)	6.8 (±3.0)	7.0 (±2.9)	5.9 (±3.3)	0.136