Monopile Foundation Stiffness Estimation of an Instrumented Offshore Wind Turbine through Model Updating

Figure 4

Tower dominated mode shapes from 09:00-09:10 29/08/2017. Modal analysis identified mode shapes normalised using either “real” or “complex” normalisation. Numerical mode shapes generated from the “optimised” foundation model simulation with a rigid-rotor-nacelle assembly. (a) 1^st FA : FA vs. SS. (b) 1^st FA : FA vs. z. (c) 1^st SS : FA vs. SS. (d) 1^st SS : SS vs. z. (e) 2^nd FA : FA vs. SS. (f) 2^nd FA : FA vs. z. (g) 2^nd SS : FA vs. SS. (h) 2^nd SS : SS vs. z. (i) 3^rd FA : FA vs. SS. (j) 3^rd FA : FA vs. z. (k) 3^rd SS : FA vs. SS. (l) 3^rd SS : SS vs. z.