Barriers and Delays in Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Treatment Services: Does Gender Matter?

Table 1

Characteristics of included studies.

Study characteristic	Description
Study design: 𝑛 (%)	Clustered randomized trial: 1 (<1%); pragmatic randomized clinical trial: 1 (<1%); cohort study: 8 (6%); case-control study: 1 (<1%); cross-sectional study: 126 (92%)
Study population: 𝑛 (%)	Individuals with diagnosed/suspected TB who presented to care: 76%; individuals in the community or population: 24%
Year of publication: 𝑛 (%)	2000–2010: 123 (90%); 1990–1999: 11 (8%); 1980–1989: 2 (1%); 1970–1979: 1 (1%)
WHO regional distribution: 𝑛 (%)	AFRO: 37 (27%); SEARO: 31 (23%); WPRO: 25 (18%); AMRO: 17 (13%); EMRO: 12 (9%); EURO: 11 (8%); multiple regions: 4 (3%)
Sample size	Range: 39–209,560,379; median (IQR): 335 (190–1,000)
Proportion of women	Range: 23–73%; median (IQR): 42% (34–49%)

AFRO: African region; AMRO: region of the Americas; EMRO: Eastern Mediterranean region; EURO: European region; IQR: interquartile range; SEARO: South East Asia region; TB: tuberculosis; WHO: World Health Organization; WPRO: Western Pacific region.