Research Article

The Quality of Tuberculosis Services in Health Care Centres in a Rural District in Uganda: The Providers’ and Clients’ Perspective

Table 1

Performance indicators/guidelines against which quality for Kamuli district health facilities was judged.

Health facility expected performance indicators or guidelinesActual performance levelSource of dataPerformance score

Structural performance guidelines/indicators
All health workers participate in identification of TB suspects1 = Yes  
2 = No
Interviewed health facility heads, TB focal persons, and in-charges ART1 = good  
2 = poor
Waiting times for; (i) Receiving laboratory results  
(ii) Receiving treatment
(i) 1 = 24 hours
2 => 24 hours (50% and above of clients getting results after 24 hours)  
(ii) 1 = immediate
2 => 1 day
Interviewed patients1 = good  
2 = poor

Process performance guidelines/indicators
Two sputum samples should be collected for diagnosisAll suspects should have two ZN smears doneReviewed laboratory register data for 20101 = 81–100% = good  
2 = 70–80% = fair  
3 =< 70% = poor
The health facility in conjunction with the sub-county health worker, and community volunteers should trace all clients who have disappeared without getting treatment, and any other category of interest1 = Yes
2 = No
Interviewed health facility heads, in-charges ART, and TB focal persons1 = good  
2 = poor
All TB suspects should be assessed using a symptom based approachPercentage of TB suspects who were assessed by the laboratory with at least one ZN testReviewed the laboratory register and identified patients who were registered but no test done for them at all1 = 0 patients = very good  
2 = 1–3 patients = good  
3 = 4 & > patients = poor
To assess and foster adherence to treatment, a patient-centered approach to administration of drug treatment, based on the patient’s needs and mutual respect between the patient and the provider, should be developed for all patients. Supervision and support should be individualized and should draw on the full range of recommended interventions and available support services, including patient counseling and educationEach TB positive patients should be on community based-DOTsReviewed the unit TB treatment register1 = all patients = good  
2 = some patients not on DOTs = poor

Process performance guidelines/indicators
HIV testing and counseling should be recommended to all patients with, or suspected of having, tuberculosisEvery TB suspect should be advised to test for HIVInterview with patients1 = all patients = good  
2 = some patients not advised = poor
Each healthcare facility caring for patients who have, or are suspected of having, infectious tuberculosis should develop and implement an appropriate tuberculosis infection control planPresence of a system of identifying coughing patients from waiting areas and other placesInterviewed health facility heads, in-charges ART, and TB focal persons1 = good  
2 = poor

Outcome performance guidelines/indicators
CuredPercentage declared curedReviewed data in the treatment register for 20101 = 85–100% = good  
2 = less than 85% = poor
Treatment failuresNumber declared as failuresReviewed data in the treatment register for 20101 = 0 patients = good  
2 = 1 or > patients = poor
DefaultersPercentage defaulters, no patient should defaultReviewed data in the treatment registers for 20101 = 0 patients = good  
2 = 1–7 patients = fair  
3 = 8 and > patients = poor
DiedPercentage died, no patient is expected to dieReviewed data in the treatment register for 20101 = 0 = good  
2 = 1–5 patients = fair  
3 = 5 and > patients = poor