Nanotechnology-Based Approach in Tuberculosis Treatment

Table 2

Therapeutic efficacy of nanoparticle-based antitubercular drug delivery systems.

Delivery system	Drug : carrier ratio	Use of organic solvents	Drug encapsulation efficiency	Mode of delivery	Animal model	Duration of sustained drug release (days)		Sterilizing effect in lungs and spleen	References
						Plasma	Organ
Synthetic
(i) PLG nanoparticles	1 : 1 for each drug	Dichloromethane	60–70%	Oral; Aerosol; Subcutaneous	Mice; Guinea pigs; Mice	6–8; 6–8; 32	9–11; 9–11; 36	5 doses every 10 d; 5 doses every 10 d; Single injection	[14, 15]; [16]; [17]
(ii) Lectin functionalized PLG nanoparticles	1 : 1 for each drug	Dichloromethane	60–70%	Oral; Aerosol	Guinea pigs; Guinea pigs	6–14; 6–14	15; 15	3 doses fortnightly; 3 doses fortnightly	[14]; [15]
Natural
(i) Liposomes	RIF 0.22 : 1; INH 0.14 : 1	Chloroform, methanol	35–45%; 8–12%	Intravenous; Aerosol	Mice, Guinea pigs; Guinea pigs	5–7; 2	7; 5	2 doses every week; single dose every 5–7 days	[15, 18]; [19]
(ii) Solid lipid nanoparticles	1 : 1 for each drug	Acetone, ethanol	40–50%	Oral; Aerosol	Mice; Guinea pigs	8; 5	10; 7	5 doses every 10 d; 7 doses weekly	[20]; [21]
(iii) Alginate nanoparticles	7.5 : 1 for each drug	No	70–80%	Oral; Aerosol	Mice/Guinea pigs; Guinea pigs	8–11; 8–11	15; 15	3 doses fortnightly; 3 doses fortnightly	[22]; [22]