Research Article
A Comparative Study of Knowledge, Attitude, and Determinants of Tuberculosis-Associated Stigma in Rural and Urban Communities of Lagos State, Nigeria
(a) Assessment of respondent’s perceived stigma to TB in the community (EMIC items 1-8) |
| | Variables | Rural Freq. (%) | Urban Freq. (%) | Total | | value |
| | A person with TB will keep others from knowing, if possible. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 265 (68.7) | 191 (48.7) | 456 (58.6) | 36.05 | <0.00 | | Possibly | 42 (10.9) | 93 (23.7) | 135 (17.4) | | 1 | | Yes | 78 (20.3) | 108 (27.6) | 186 (23.9) | | | | Would think less of self if a family member had TB because of this person’s problem. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 240 (62.2) | 272 (69.4) | 512 (65.8) | 6.65 | 0.036 | | Possibly | 77 (20.0) | 75 (19.1) | 152 (19.6) | | | | Yes | 68 (17.6) | 45 (11.5) | 113 (14.5) | | | | TB cause shame or embarrassment | | | | | | | No/do not know | 82 (21.2) | 85 (21.7) | 167 (21.5) | 2.18 | 0.534 | | Possibly | 129 (33.4) | 118 (30.1) | 247 (31.7) | | | | Yes | 174 (45.2) | 189 (48.2) | 362 (46.6) | | | | Others would think less of a person with TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 91 (23.6) | 104 (26.5) | 195 (25.1) | 2.055 | 0.561 | | Possibly | 149 (38.6) | 141 (36.0) | 290 (37.3) | | | | Yes | 145 (37.6) | 147 (37.5) | 292 (37.5) | | | | Knowing that someone has TB would have an adverse effect on others | | | | | | | No/do not know | 110 (28.5) | 98 (25.0) | 208 (26.7) | 14.29 | 0.001 | | Possibly | 166 (43.1) | 133 (33.9) | 299 (38.5) | | | | Yes | 109 (28.2) | 161 (41.1) | 270 (34.7) | | | | Other people in this community would avoid a person affected by TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 45 (11.7) | 54 (13.8) | 99 (12.7) | 3.74 | 0.154 | | Possibly | 153 (39.6) | 130 (33.2) | 283 (36.4) | | | | Yes | 187 (48.6) | 208 (53.1) | 395 (50.8) | | | | People would refuse to visit the home of a person affected by TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 56 (14.5) | 45 (11.5) | 101 (13.0) | 6.33 | 0.042 | | Possibly | 162 (42.0) | 142 (36.2) | 304 (39.1) | | | | Yes | 167 (43.3) | 205 (52.3) | 371 (47.7) | | | | People in this community would think less of the family of a person with TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 132 (34.3) | 122 (31.1) | 254 (32.7) | 1.85 | 0.605 | | Possibly | 129 (33.4) | 139 (35.5) | 268 (34.4) | | | | Yes | 124 (32.1) | 131 (33.5) | 255 (32.7) | | |
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Statistical significance. |
(b) Assessment of respondent’s perceived stigma to TB in the community (EMIC items 9-15) |
| | Variables | Rural Freq. (%) | Urban Freq. (%) | Total | | value |
| | TB would cause problems for the family | | | | | | | No/do not know | 81 (21.0) | 95 (24.2) | 176 (22.6) | 5.95 | 0.051 | | Possibly | 152 (39.5) | 122 (31.1) | 274 (35.3) | | | | Yes | 152 (39.4) | 175 (44.6) | 327 (42.0) | | | | Family would have concern about disclosure if one of their members had TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 110 (28.5) | 77 (19.6) | 187 (24.0) | 22.03 | <0.001 | | Possibly | 157 (40.7) | 133 (33.9) | 290 (37.3) | | | | Yes | 118 (30.6) | 181 (46.2) | 299 (38.5) | | | | TB could be a problem for a person to get married. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 68 (17.7) | 120 (30.6) | 188 (24.2) | 17.81 | <0.001 | | Possibly | 142 (36.9) | 117 (29.8) | 259 (33.3) | | | | Yes | 174 (45.3) | 155 (39.5) | 329 (42.2) | | | | TB could cause problems in an on-going marriage. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 226 (58.5) | 129 (32.9) | 355 (45.6) | 55.86 | <0.001 | | Possibly | 100 (26.2) | 138 (35.2) | 238 (30.6) | | | | Yes | 59 (15.3) | 125 (31.9) | 184 (23.7) | | | | TB could cause a problem for a relative of a patient to get married. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 182 (47.3) | 161 (41.1) | 343 (44.1) | 13.68 | 0.003 | | Possibly | 118 (30.6) | 99 (25.3) | 217 (27.9) | | | | Yes | 85 (10.9) | 132 (33.7) | 217 (27.9) | | | | TB could cause difficulty for a person to find work. | | | | | | | No/do not know | 9 (2.3) | 29 (7.4) | 38 (4.9) | 19.54 | <0.001 | | Possibly | 61 (16.1) | 91 (23.2) | 152 (19.6) | | | | Yes | 315 (81.6) | 272 (69.4) | 587 (75.4) | | | | People could dislike buying food from a person affected by TB | | | | | | | No/do not know | 7 (1.8) | 19 (4.8) | 26 (3.3) | 6.71 | 0.035 | | Possibly | 38 (9.8) | 29 (7.4) | 67 (8.6) | | | | Yes | 340 (88.3) | 344 (87.8) | 684 (88.0) | | |
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Statistical significance. |
