Simplified Method for Calculating the Active Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls of Narrow Backfill Width Based on DEM Analysis

<div>Variation of the active earth pressures along the length of the retaining wall at various internal friction angles of soil (<i>φ</i>).</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

Figure 12: Simplified Method for Calculating the Active Earth Pressure on Retaining Walls of Narrow Backfill Width Based on DEM Analysis 