MCMs in Cancer: Prognostic Potential and Mechanisms
Table 1
Summary of biological functions of the MCM subunits.
Subunit
Biological and functional significance
References
MCM2
Chaperones histones H3-H4. Dephosphorylated by PTEN to restrict replication fork progression. Phosphorylated by DDK at NTD terminus to activate pre-RC. Interacts with Cdt1 at NTD to stabilize the coil structure. Interacts with Cdc45 in the CMG complex at NTD. Forms MCM2-5 gate for the MCM2-7 complex loading.
Phosphorylated by DDK at NTD to activate pre-RC. Interacts with Cdt1 at NTD to stabilize the coil structure. Involved in translocation along single-stranded DNA in the MCM2-7 complex.
Interacts with GINS component Psf3 in the CMG complex. Interacts with Cdc45 in the CMG complex at NTD. Forms MCM2-5 gate for the MCM2-7 complex loading.
Phosphorylated by DDK at NTD terminus to activate pre-RC. Interacts with Cdt1 at NTD to stabilize the coil structure. Involved in translocation along single-stranded DNA in the MCM2-7 complex.
Functions as one of the initiation factors to activate the helicase activity of MCM2-7 complex. Stabilizes Cdc45 and GINS association with Mcm2-7 and stimulates replication elongation. Coordinates DNA helicase and polymerization activities during lagging strand synthesis.