Surface Structures, Particles, and Fibers of Shape-Memory Polymers at Micro-/Nanoscale

Table 1

Material systems with their switching temperatures and curing methods, as well as structural features, geometries, and aspect ratios of reported SMP-micro-/nanostructured substrates.

Material system	Tsw	Curing methods	Structural dimensions and features	Geometries	AR	Ref.
Polymers
Polynorbornene; pristine fullerenes		N.A.	3D nanolens arrays	H = 250 nm	1	[55]
				D = 250 nm
				S = 250 nm
Tecoflex 72D : cycloaliphatic polyetherurethane block copolymer	51	N.A.	2.5D pillar arrays	H = 100 μm	5	[57]
				D = 20 μm
				S = 20 μm
Prepolymers
PCL trimethacrylate; diethoxyacetophenone	40	Photo	3D	3 μm × 1 μm		[50]
			Hexnuts	10 μm × 1 μm
			Boomerangs
NOA-63 : a polyurethane which is end-linked by a thiol-base crosslinker using photoinitiated thiol-ene crosslinking	Altered	Photo	2D	H ∼ 9.2 μm	0.06	[58]
			Groove patterns	W ∼ 140 μm
				S ∼ 140 μm
Tetra-branched PCL with acrylate end-groups	33	Thermo	2D groove patterns	H = 150 nm	0.15	[32]
Linear PCL telechelic diacrylates				W = 1 μm
				S = 2 μm
Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate); dicumyl peroxide	63	Photo	3D	For microprism	0.5	[53]
			Microprism array, microlens arrays, white-light hologram, transmission grating	H = 72 μm
				W = 150 μm
Linear PCL	37–46	Thermo	2.5D	H = 15 μm	3	[56]
Allyl alcohol			Pillar arrays	D = 5 μm
Benzoyl peroxide				S = 5 μm
Precursors
Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (BADGE); poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether); decylamine	60	Thermo	2.5D pillar arrays	H = 4 μm	4	[30]
				D = 1 μm
				S = 1 or 2 μm
Bisphenol a diglycidyl ether (BADGE); poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether); decylamine	60	Thermo	2.5D pillar arrays	D = 10 μm	2–3	[31]
				S = 5–30 μm
Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol: an epoxy monomer; m-xylylenediamine; n-octylamine	78	Thermo	2.5D pillay arrays	H = 10 μm	1	[40]
				W = 10 μm
				S = 5, 10, 20, 30 μm
Diglycidyl ether of bisphenol: an epoxy monomer; poly(propylene glycol) bis(2-aminopropyl ether); neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether	35–65	Thermo	3D pyramids-termed microtips	H = 12–21 μm	0.7	[52]
				W = 17–30 μm
				S = 100 μm
Methyl methacrylate; poly(ethylene glycol dimethacrylate); photoinitiator	95	Photo	Groove patterns	H = 194 nm	0.2	[51]
				W = 834 nm
				S = 834 nm

H : height; W : width; D : diameter; S : spacing