The Role of Antifungals in Pediatric Critical Care Invasive Fungal Infections

Table 4

Clinical indications and pediatric dosing of azoles [13, 22].

Drug	Indications	Dose	Special comments
Fluconazole	Candidiasis, invasive; candidiasis, mucosal; cryptococcosis; Candida prophylaxis in neonates	12 mg/kg loading dose, then 6 mg/kg QD	Empiric therapy for; suspected candidiasis; in nonneutropenic patients; —fluconazole-resistant; species of Candida are C. krusei; and C. glabrata; —all isolates of Candida; should have susceptibility; testing for azoles
Itraconazole	Candidiasis; Coccidioidomycosis; Histoplasmosis; Blastomycosis; Sporotrichosis; Paracoccidioidomycosis	2.5–5 mg/kg twice-thrice per day	It is a second-line agent for aspergillosis
Voriconazole	Aspergillosis; Candedemia in febrile neutropenia; Invasive candidiasis,; Fusariosis; Scedosporiosis	4–7 mg/kg every 12 h	Voriconazole is the preferred agent for aspergillosis but has no activity against zygomycosis