N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Stimulate Bile Acid Detoxification in Human Cell Models

Figure 1

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids EPA and/or DHA modulate the expression of genes involved in bile acid synthesis, transport, and metabolism in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Human hepatoma HepG2 cells were treated with DMSO (vehicle, V, 0.1%, v/v) or eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and/or docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids 50 μM (a, d, & e), 5, 15, 25, and 50 μM, (b & c) or 25 and/or 50 μM (f & g) for 24 H (a, b, c, f, & g) or 6, 12, 18, 24, and 48 H (d & e). Total RNA was extracted and analyzed for gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR as detailed in the materials and methods section. Data (mean ± SD) are representative of 2 independent experiments performed in triplicate. Statistically significant differences were analyzed using ANOVA (). n.d: not detected.