Review Article
Modulation of Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Potential Therapy Method for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Table 1
Precursors, biosynthetic pathways, and producers of SCFAs.
| SCFAs | Precursors | Pathways | Producers |
| Acetate | Pyruvate | Acetyl-CoA pathway | Most intestinal bacteria, such as Bacteroides spp., Prevotella spp., Ruminococcus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Akkermansia muciniphila | Wood–Ljungdahl pathway | Clostridium spp., Streptococcus spp., and Blautia hydrogenotrophica | Propionate | Phosphoenol-pyruvate | Succinic pathway | Bacteroides spp., Dialister spp., Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, and Veillonella spp. | Acrylic pathway | Coprococcus catus and Megasphaera elsdenii | Deoxyhexose | Propanediol pathway | Ruminococcus obeum, Roseburia inulinivorans, and Salmonella spp. | Butyrate | Acetyl-CoA | Acetate CoA-transferase pathway | Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Eubacterium hallii, and Roseburia spp. | Butyrate kinase pathway | Coprococcus catus and Coprococcus comes | Proteins | Lysine pathway | Odoribacter splanchnicus and Alistipes putredinis |
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