Evans Blue Dye: A Revisit of Its Applications in Biomedicine

Figure 1

Evaluation of myocardial infarction core (MI-core), area at risk (AAR), and salvageable zone (SZ) in a rabbit with reperfused MI by in vivo and ex vivo imaging techniques and dynamic imaging quantification [32]. (a) Delayed, enhanced cardiac magnetic resonance imaging displays the MI-core as a transmural hyperenhanced area involving anterior papillary muscle; (b) T2-weighted imaging shows an extensive hyperintense region in the anterolateral wall; (c) digital radiograph of the red iodized oil-stained heart section shows a filling defect with few collateral vessels in the anterolateral wall in contrast to the rest of opaque left ventricle; (d) photograph of the heart section stained by multifunctional staining depicts the MI-core as an Evans blue dye-stained blue lesion simulating what is seen in (a) and shows the normal ventricular wall in red leaving the AAR (including the blue MI-core) unstained, which perfectly matches with the AAR in (c) and whitish zones which are suggestive of the SZ; (e) photomacroscopy of HE-stained heart slice views the MI-core as a hemorrhagic infarct similar in size to the blue lesion in (f); (f) photomicroscopy (×100) of HE-stained heart slice confirms the presence of the AAR (necrotic MI-core plus the viable but inflammatory SZ) and remote normal myocardium (NM) (reprinted and modified with permission from Feng Y, Chen F, Ma Z, Dekeyzer F, Yu J, Xie Y, Cona MM, Oyen R, Ni Y. Theranostics. 2013, 4: 24–35).

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