Diagnostic Performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in Infectious and Inflammatory Diseases according to Published Meta-Analyses

Table 1

Characteristics and main findings of included meta-analyses on the diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in infectious or inflammatory diseases.

Topic	Authors	Year	Articles included about ^18F-FDG PET/CT	Patients included	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	LR+ (95% CI)	LR− (95% CI)	DOR (95% CI)
Fever of unknown origin	Dong et al. [6]	2011	4	174	98.2% (93.6–99.8)	85.9% (75.0–93.4)	5.8 (3.3–10)	0.05 (0.01–0.25)	7.1 (0.7–67.4)
	Hao et al. [7]	2013	15	595	85% (81–88)	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Besson et al. [8]	2016	7	401	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Takeuchi et al. [9]	2016	22	1137	86% (81–90)	52% (36–67)	NR	NR	NR
	Bharucha et al. [10]	2017	18	905	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Kan et al. [11]	2018	23	1927	84% (79–89)	63% (49–75)	2.3 (1.5–3.4)	0.25 (0.16–0.38)	9 (4–20)
	Takeuchi et al. [12]	2018	9	418	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Large vessel vasculitis	Besson et al. [13]	2011	6	283	[GCA] 80% (63–91)	[GCA] 89% (78–94)	[GCA] 6.73 (3.5–12.8)	[GCA] 0.25 (0.13–0.46)	NR
	Cheng et al. [14]	2013	6	142	[TA] 70.1% (58.6–80)	[TA] 77.2% (64.2–87.3)	[TA] 2.3 (1.1–4.8)	[TA] 0.34 (0.14–0.82)	[TA] 7.5 (1.6–34)
	Soussan et al. [15]	2015	21	712	[GCA] 90% (79–96)	[GCA] 98% (94–99)	[GCA] 28.7 (11.5–71.6)	[GCA] 0.15 (0.07–0.29)	[GCA] 256.3 (70.8–927)
					[TA] 87% (78–93)	[TA] 73% (63–81)	[TA] 4.2 (1.5–12)	[TA] 0.2 (0.1–0.5)	[TA] 19.8 (4.5–87.6)
					[TA^+] 84% (73–92)	[TA^+] 84% (73–92)	[TA^+] 4.6 (2.1–9.9)	[TA^+] 0.2 (0.1–0.5)	[TA^+] 23.4 (5.2–105.2)
	Lee et al. [16]	2016	3	95	83.9% (71.7–92.4)	87.2% (72.6–95.7)	5.2 (2.4–11.2)	0.2 (0.1–0.4)	27.2 (8.5–86.6)
	Barra et al. [17]	2018	10	301	[TA] 81% (69–89)	[TA] 74% (55–86)	NR	NR	NR
	Gomez et al. [18]	2018	9	210	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
	Lee et al. [19]	2018	9	298	88% (79–93)	81% (64–91)	4.5 (2.2–9.5)	0.15 (0.08–0.29)	30 (8–107)
Infective endocarditis	Yan et al. [20]	2016	6	246	61% (52–88)	88% (80–93)	3.24 (1.67–6.28)	0.5 (0.32–0.77)	6.98 (2.5–19.1)
	Mahmood et al. [21]	2017	13	537	76.8% (71.8–81.4)	77.9% (71.9–83.2)	NR	NR	NR
	Juneau et al. [22]	2018	7	329	81% (73–86)	85% (78–91)	NR	NR	NR
CIED infections	Mahmood et al. [23]	2017	14	492	85% (80–89)	90% (84–94)	NR	NR	NR
	Juneau et al. [24]	2017	11	331	87% (82–91)	94% (88–98)	NR	NR	NR
Vascular graft infection	Reinders Folmer et al. [25]	2018	5	144	95% (87–99)	80% (69–89)	NR	NR	38 (8.5–170)
	Rojoa et al. [26]	2018	8	NR	97% (89–99)	89% (70–96)	NR	NR	NR
Cardiac sarcoidosis	Youssef et al. [27]	2012	7	164	89% (79–96)	78% (68–86)	4.1 (1.7–10)	0.19 (0.1–0.4)	25.6 (7.3–89.5)
	Tang et al. [28]	2016	16	559	75% (69–80)	81% (76–85)	NR	NR	16.9 (7.6–37.5)
	Kim et al. [29]	2019	17	891	84% (71–91)	83% (74–89)	4.9 (3.3–7.3)	0.2 (0.11–0.35)	27 (14–55)
Osteomyelitis	Wang et al. [30]	2011	7	319	92.3% (86.7–96.1)	92% (87–95.6)	9.8 (6–16)	0.11 (0.07–0.2)	98 (42.8–224)
Osteomyelitis related to diabetic foot	Treglia et al. [31]	2013	4	178	74% (60–85)	91% (85–96)	5.6 (2–15.3)	0.37 (0.1–1.35)	16.9 (2–139.6)
	Lauri et al. [32]	2017	6	254	89% (68–97)	92% (85–96)	11 (4.7–25)	0.11 (0.03–0.4)	95 (18–504)
Prosthetic joint infection	Jin et al. [33]	2014	14	838	86% (82–90)	86% (83–89)	NR	NR	NR
	Verberne et al. [34]	2016	10	666	86% (80–90)	93% (90–95)	NR	NR	NR
	Verberne et al. [35]	2017	5	179	70% (56–81)	84% (76–90)	NR	NR	NR
Spondylodiscitis	Prodromou et al. [36]	2014	12	224	97% (83–100)	88% (74–95)	8.2 (3.5–18.9)	0.03 (0–0.21)	NR
	Yin et al. [37]	2018	6	191	96% (84–99)	90% (79–96)	9.8 (4.4–22)	0.05 (0.01–0.19)	124 (39–394)
	Kim et al. [38]	2018	7	212	95% (87–98)	88% (73–95)	7.6 (3.4–17.2)	0.05 (0.02–0.14)	141 (44–444)
Rheumatic diseases	Descamps et al. [39]	2018	90	2300	NR	NR	NR	NR	NR
Inflammatory bowel diseases	Treglia et al. [40]	2013	7	219	85% (81–88)	87% (84–90)	6.2 (2.9–13.4)	0.19 (0.1–0.34)	44.3 (11.8–167)
	Zhang et al. [41]	2014	3	162	84% (78–89)	86% (81–89)	5.3 (1.3–22)	0.2 (0.07–0.6)	25.9 (2.8–238)

LR+ = positive likelihood ratio; LR− = negative likelihood ratio; DOR = diagnostic odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; NR = not reported; CIED = cardiovascular implantable electronic device; GCA = giant cell arteritis; TA = Takayasu arteritis; TA⁺ = Takayasu arteritis using National Health Institute scale; both PET and PET/CT are included.