Perioperative Management of a Patient Taking Suboxone® at the Time of Ambulatory Surgery

Table 1

Opioid receptor characteristics.

Opioid Receptor	Site of Action	Effect
μ (μ1, μ2)	Brain; Spine; GI tract	μ1; (i) Supraspinal analgesia; (ii) Physical dependence; μ2; (i) Respiratory depression; (ii) Physical dependence; (iii) Miosis; (iv) Euphoria; (v) Reduced GI motility
κ	Brain; Spine	Spinal analgesia; Sedation; Miosis; Inhibition of ADH release
δ	Brain	Analgesia; Euphoria; Physical dependence