Left Ventricular End-Systolic Volume Is a Reliable Predictor of New-Onset Heart Failure with Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

Table 1

Patient characteristics.

Whole cohort (n = 355)
Age, years	67.4 ± 9.3
Female	90 (25.4)
BSA (m^2)	1.67 ± 0.18
Systolic BP (mmHg)	128 ± 18
Heart rate (beats/min)	67 ± 12
Laboratory data
Hemoglobin (g/dl)	13.4 ± 1.5
Creatine (mg/dl)	0.83 ± 0.18
BNP, pg/ml (IQR)	15.6 (8.1, 36.3)
log BNP (pg/ml)	2.81 ± 1.17
Cardiac function parameter
Tau (msec)	44.0 ± 7.8
peak + dP/dt (mmHg/sec)	1599.8 ± 374.6
peak − dP/dt (mmHg/sec)	−1869.0 ± 406.4
CI (l/min/m^2)	3.39 ± 0.68
LVEF (%)	68.7 ± 8.7
LVEDVI (ml/m^2)	74.7 ± 16.6
LVESVI (ml/m^2)	23.8 ± 10.1
LVEDP (mmHg)	14 ± 5
Comorbidities, n (%)
Hypertension	208 (58.6)
Diabetes	129 (36.3)
Hyperlipidemia	208 (58.6)
Past history of MI	135 (38.0)
Medication, n (%)
ACEI and/or ARB	141 (39.7)
Beta blocker	118 (33.2)
CCB	105 (29.6)
Diuretic agent	21 (5.9)

ACEI, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; BP, blood pressure; BNP, brain natriuretic peptide; BSA, body surface area; CCB, calcium channel blocker; CI, cardiac index; dP/dt, the first derivative of left ventricular pressure; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; LVEDP, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; LVEDVI, left ventricular end-diastolic volume index; LVESVI, left ventricular end-systolic volume index; MI, myocardial infarction.