VECM Model Analysis of Carbon Emissions, GDP, and International Crude Oil Prices

Table 2

Unit root test results of sequence first-order difference.

Variable	ADF	PP
	Level	Level
	-5.894742(0.0000)	-36.03728(0.0001)
	-10.05132(0.0000)	-9.229024(0.0000)
	-4.615071(0.0002)	-7.242270(0.0000)