Research Article
VECM Model Analysis of Carbon Emissions, GDP, and International Crude Oil Prices
| Dependent variable: D(LCP) | | The primary hypothesis | Excluded | Chi-sq | df | Prob. |
| D(LGDP) | 3.337504 | 3 | 0.3425 | Accept | D(LOP) | 9.756523 | 3 | 0.0208 | Refuse | All | 16.11858 | 6 | 0.0131 | |
| Dependent variable: D(LGDP) | | | Excluded | Chi-sq | df | Prob. | |
| D(LCP) | 4.679288 | 3 | 0.1968 | Accept | D(LOP) | 22.11808 | 3 | 0.0001 | Refuse | All | 26.50551 | 6 | 0.0002 | |
| Dependent variable: D(LOP) | | | Excluded | Chi-sq | df | Prob. | |
| D(LCP) | 29.02233 | 3 | 0.0000 | Refuse | D(LGDP) | 18.91076 | 3 | 0.0003 | Refuse | All | 42.91822 | 6 | 0.0000 | |
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