Review Article
Diagnosis and Management of Bacterial Meningitis in the Paediatric Population: A Review
Table 1
Causative organisms.
| Organism | Comment | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | Commonest organism Affects healthy children Additional risk factors: basilar skull or cribriform fracture, asplenism, HIV, and cochlear implants | |
| Neisseria meningitidis | Can cause epidemic, endemic, or sporadic infections | |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B | Reduced incidence after introduction of vaccination program | |
| Group B streptococcus | The less common pathogens Group B streptococcus, E. Coli and L. monocytogenes more common in neonates | | Escherichia coli | | Non typeable H. influenzae | | Other gram-negative bacilli | | Listeria monocytogenes | | Group A streptococci | |
| Staphylococcal species | Penetrating head trauma and neurosurgery | | Streptococci | | | Aerobic gram-negative bacilli | | |
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