|
Company/
institution | Location | Capacity* | Pretreatment | Feedstock | Status | Reference |
|
| SEKAB | Örnsköldsvik, Sweden | 100 t/y | Two stage dilute H2SO4/SO2 | Pine chips | Operational since 2004; scale-up projects planned | [199] Updated |
|
|
Abengoa bioenergy | Salamanca, Spain | 5 m L/y |
Acid impregnation + steam explosion | Wheat and barley straw, and so forth | Operational since 2009 | http://www.kcc.state.ks.us/energy/kwrec_09/presentations/B1_Robb.pdf (accessed 11/02/13) |
| York, NE, USA | 0.4 m L/y | Corn stover | Operational since 2008 |
| Kansas, USA | 25 m gal/y | Corn stover, wheat straw, switchgrass, and so forth | Under construction, startup 2014 |
|
| BioGasol | Ballerup, Denmark | 4 t/h | Dilute acid/ steam explosion or wet explosion | Wheat straw and bran, corn stover, and so forth, garden wastes, energy crops, and green wastes | Under development | http://www.biogasol.com/Home-3.aspx (accessed 11/02/13) |
|
| Procethol 2G, Futurol | Pomacle, France | 180 m3/y
3.5 m L/y
180 m L/y | Under development | Wheat straw, switchgrass, green waste, Miscanthus, Vinasses, and so forth | Operational since 2011
Planned, 2015
Planned, 2016 | http://www.projet-futurol.com/index-uk.php (accessed 13/02/13) |
|
| Izumi Biorefinery | Japan | 300 L/day | Arkenol | Cedar, pine, and hemlock | Operational since 2002 | [200]; http://bfreinc.com/docs/IZUMI_Status_2004_for_BlueFire_051606.pdf (accessed 13/02/13) |
|
| INEOS | Florida, USA | 8 m gal/yr | Thermochemical | Municipal solid waste and so forth | Operational | http://www.ineosbio.com/60-Technology_platform.htm (accessed 11/02/13) |
|
| ZeaChem | Oregon, USA | 250,000 gal/y | Chemical | Hybrid poplar, corn stover, and cob | Construction completed | http://www.zeachem.com/index.php (accessed 12/02/13) |
|
| Logos Technologies | California, USA | 50,000 gal/y | Colloid milling | Corn stover, switchgrass, and wood chips | Operational | http://www.logos-technologies.com/ (accessed 13/02/13) |
|
| BlueFire | Mississippi, USA | 19 m gal/y | Concentrated acid (Arkenol) | Wood waste, municipal solid waste | Under construction | http://bfreinc.com/ (accessed 15/02/13) |
|
| Weyland AS | Norway | 200 m3/y | Concentrated acid | Corn stover, sawdust, paper pulp, switchgrass, and so forth | Operational since 2010 | http://weyland.no/ (accessed 15/02/13) |
|
| Borregaard | Norway | 20 m L/y | Acidic/neutral sulphite | Wheat straw, eucalyptus, spruce, and so forth | Operational | [201]; http://www.borregaard.com/ (accessed 11/02/13) |
|
Queensland
University of
Technology | Queensland, Australia | Pilot | Acid, alkaline, steam explosion, ionic liquid, and so forth | Sugarcane bagasse | Operational, since 2010 | [202] |
|
| Praj industries | India | 10 m L/y | Thermochemical | Corn cob, sugarcane bagasse, and so forth | Under development | [200] (Updated) |
|
| Lignol Energy Corporation | Canada | 100 m3/y | Organosolv | Wood, agricultural residues, and so forth | Operational | http://www.lignol.ca/index.html (accessed 06/02/13) |
| 40–200 m L/y | Planning |
|
| Blue sugars | Wyoming, USA | 1.4 m gal/y | Acid, thermomechanical | Pine and so forth | Operational | http://bluesugars.com/ (accessed 13/02/13) |
|
| Petrobras/Blue sugars | Brazil | 10 m gal/y | Acid, thermomechanical | Sugarcane bagasse | Under development | http://bluesugars.com/company-partnerwith.htm (accessed 16/02/13) |
|
Dupont Danisco
Cellulosic Ethanol
(DDCE) | Iowa, USA | 30 m gal/y | NH3 Steam recycled | Corn stover | Under construction | [200]; http://biofuels.dupont.com/ (accessed 13/02/13) |
|
COFCO
/SINOPEC
/Novozyme | Zhaodong, China | 62 m L/y | Steam explosion (with acid impregnation) | Corn stover | Under construction | [203] |
|
